一代儒學大師為何因自己科學訓練不足而耿耿於懷?熊十力在信中有解釋:他「要以哲學的方式建立一套宇宙論。這個建立起來,然後好談身心性命切實工夫」,可是,「科學發展到今日,空論不可持,宇宙論當然難建立」;他勉力為之,結果「在宇宙論上發揮體用不二,自信可以俟百世而不惑,惜不能運用科學材料」。
熊十力在這裏似乎是混淆了科學的宇宙論和形上的宇宙論 --- 就算他的科學知識如何豐富,也不能幫助他建立一套可以作為心性之學基礎的宇宙論,科學知識只能幫助他避免在這套宇宙論裏說一些與科學相違的話。在科學家眼裏,他的那套宇宙論始終是空論。
熊十力是知道「西人的講法,往往把宇宙人生劃分了」,但他認為「那就不對」;問題是,既然西人科學的宇宙論完全不講人生,那麼西人科學的材料又怎會對他有用呢?當然,哲學家的確不應對科學太無知,否則,像牟宗三講出以下的話,就有失儒學大師的身份了:「達爾文說人是猴子進化來的,這話不通的。為什麼其他猴子沒有進化?」(《「四因說」演講錄》第二講)
大多數理科生,都容易有「見樹不見林」的毛病。
回覆刪除文科人則相反,經常從大處著眼,但對技術細節,則不甚了了。熊十力大概亦屬此類。
最理想當然是能如 google earth 一般,隨時能將眼界放大縮細,但又談何容易?
若能在某一領域內做得到樹、林皆能見,已經很了不起。
又,西洋人從小受科學教育,但成績郤比中國學生差得多。(至少現時是如此,熊大師的年代情況如何,我不得而知)大師若生於今日,就不必羨慕西洋人了。
我認為那位牟宗三最錯的不是他不了解科學
回覆刪除而是不了解對象卻去評價它
牟宗三如果學習過遺傳學及基因突變, 便不會自暴其短了.
回覆刪除其實﹐不少人將達爾文的天演論和拉馬克的進化論混淆了
回覆刪除例如牟氏說的猴子進化成人類﹐其實是拉馬克學說的進化
因此﹐其實很多人將演化說成進化﹐本身就是有問題的。
天演論是嚴復的譯名啊........
回覆刪除達爾文又好拉馬克又好都是叫Evolution...
當然你能扯說根據兩個理論內容而硬要叫達爾文的Evolution做天演論拉馬克的Evolution做進化論,但這似乎不是任何學界或民間的做法。
另外拉馬克的進化/演化論只是說進化/演化機制是用進廢退且後天變化能遺傳後代,以及反對共同祖先論,好像並沒講過猴子進化成人類。
楚門,
回覆刪除//西洋人從小受科學教育,但成績郤比中國學生差得多。(至少現時是如此,熊大師的年代情況如何,我不得而知)大師若生於今日,就不必羨慕西洋人了。//
- 對,至少美國人的科學知識一般就不高。
Kimmon,
回覆刪除//我認為那位牟宗三最錯的不是他不了解科學
而是不了解對象卻去評價它//
- 對,讀一點進化論的書也不是甚麼難事。
//牟宗三如果學習過遺傳學及基因突變, 便不會自暴其短了.//
回覆刪除- 我相信他是先肯定了人禽之辨,認為進化論泯滅人禽之辨,所以必定是錯的。
文少,
回覆刪除Heiman 的批評全對呀!
這是中國人,喜歡比「成績」。
回覆刪除LungZeno,
回覆刪除//這是中國人,喜歡比「成績」。//
- 可否說明一下?
Mr Wong,
回覆刪除//- 對,至少美國人的科學知識一般就不高。 //
I agree. And math too. I had many bad experiences from what I saw in my kids' education. When my eldest kid was in 4th grade her teacher gave her a math word problem (on percentage) and my kid did it right (self taught). Her teacher didn't understand the way how she did it. But her teacher's way was completely wrong but her answer was accidentally right. (She got the answer key but not solution, I guess.) My kid's SCORE teacher (4th or 5th grade) gave her a worksheet on logic. I checked her work. My god, that was no logic. All the "statements" there weren't logical statements (my term, don't know the name) which one can assign T or F. All are statements about feelings or opinions in general. For example, "the dress is pretty." I will take “Mr Wong thinks that the dress is pretty.” Then I can ask Mr. Wong to verify. “What do you think, Mr. Wong? Is the dress pretty?” I don't want to get into problems reflecting misunderstanding of statistics. Too many examples. How about the problem in science, "is the change in leave color in autumn a physical change or chemical change?" And economics too. I saw problems reflecting misunderstanding in supply and demand, confusing change in demand with change in quantity demanded. Recently I saw they did something stupid in categorizing geography. I am not very angry, I am not angry. I don't think therefore I am not. But thanks to average Americans-- They don't think therefore I am. Why would I be angry? by zpdrmn